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The 8x22mm Nambu is a bottlenecked pistol cartridge developed for the Japanese Type 14 Nambu pistol. It was also used in the Type 100 submachine gun. The cartridge is considered underpowered by modern standards.
The Nambu Type 14 was the standard-issue semi-automatic pistol of the Imperial Japanese Army, designed by General Kijiro Nambu and produced from 1926 to 1945. Chambered in the proprietary 8x22mm Nambu cartridge, it is a recoil-operated, locked-breech pistol with a distinctive appearance that drew comparisons to the German Luger P08, though its internal mechanism is fundamentally different. The Type 14 features an exposed hammer, a grip safety, and a rather awkward magazine retention spring that was a notable weakness of the design. Its 8mm cartridge is roughly comparable to .380 ACP in power, making it underpowered by Western military pistol standards. The Type 14 is a sought-after collector's piece today, representing Japanese small arms engineering of the early 20th century.
The Type 100 was the only submachine gun mass-produced by Japan during World War II, chambered in the 8x22mm Nambu pistol cartridge. It featured a distinctive design with a left-side magazine well and a slightly downward-angled stock. The late-model variant had a folding stock and simplified construction for paratrooper use.