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The .280 British (7mm Mk1Z) was an experimental intermediate rifle cartridge developed by the British Army in the 1940s. It was designed to replace both the .303 British and 9x19mm as a universal infantry round.
The FN FAL (Fusil Automatique Léger, or Light Automatic Rifle) is a gas-operated, selective-fire battle rifle designed by Dieudonné Saive at Fabrique Nationale d'Herstal (FN Herstal) in Belgium. Developed in the late 1940s and early 1950s, it was intended as a robust, reliable infantry service rifle chambered for the then-new 7.62x51mm NATO cartridge. The FAL is distinguished by its short-stroke gas piston system with a tilting breechblock, which contributes to its reputation for exceptional reliability under adverse conditions. Its design philosophy emphasized simplicity, ease of maintenance, and adaptability for diverse military roles. The FAL earned the moniker 'the right arm of the Free World' due to its widespread adoption by NATO and allied nations during the Cold War. Notable features include a folding charging handle, a synthetic or wood stock depending on variant, and a 20-round detachable box magazine. The weapon's reputation for accuracy, stopping power, and ruggedness made it a mainstay in conflicts from the Falklands to Vietnam, and it remains in limited service with some military and police forces today.
The EM-2 (Experimental Model 2) is a British bullpup assault rifle designed in 1948 by Stefan Kenneth Janson at the Royal Small Arms Factory Enfield. It was a revolutionary design that was one of the first bullpup rifles ever developed for military service, chambered in the experimental .280 British cartridge. The EM-2 was briefly adopted by the British Army in 1951 before political pressure cancelled the project.